Home / Health / Pancreatic Cancer – Early Signs And Management

Pancreatic cancer – Early signs and management

Pancreatic cancer – Early signs and management

The pancreas is a vital organ that controls blood sugar levels and aids digestion. When cells in the pancreas begin to mutate and multiply, they form a tumor. Generally, these growths generate in the ducts of the pancreas, and the cancerous growth that begins in the pancreas is termed pancreatic cancer. Early stages of pancreatic cancer may be undetectable in imaging tests. This form of cancer is also known for being resistant to several treatments.

What are the types of pancreatic cancer?
There are two major types of pancreatic cancer:

Exocrine tumors
Over 90% of pancreatic tumors are exocrine tumors, which develop from the exocrine cells in the pancreas. These include adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous cell carcinoma, and colloid carcinoma.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs)
Also known as Islet Cell Carcinoma, these tumors are less common and develop in the endocrine gland of the pancreas. The endocrine gland secures insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels.

What are the signs and symptoms of pancreatic cancer?
Pancreatic cancer often goes undiagnosed until it spreads to the other organs (reaches the metastasis stage). Being vigilant and regularly checking for the following signs and symptoms of pancreatic cancer can help receive an early diagnosis and manage the condition better:

Stomach and back pain
A dull pain in the upper abdomen and the middle or upper back is a common sign of pancreatic cancer. It generally occurs because the tumor in the pancreas begins to put pressure on the stomach or the spine. For some people, this pain may worsen when lying down but alleviates when leaning forward. However, since abdominal pain can differ from person-to-person and have several underlying causes, one must discuss all their symptoms with their doctor.

Jaundice
When the amount of bilirubin in the body increases, it could lead to jaundice. With pancreatic cancer, this condition is often painless and occurs when the tumor at the head of the pancreas blocks the bile duct. Common symptoms of jaundice include yellowing of the skin and eyes, dark urine, pale, greasy stools, and itchy skin (pruritus).

Gastrointestinal problems
The growing tumor begins to press on parts of the digestive system. This could lead to gastrointestinal problems such as loss of appetite, nausea, indigestion, vomiting, bloating, or abdominal swelling.

Fatigue
Unexplained and extreme tiredness or fatigue may also be a sign of pancreatic cancer. However, it can also be associated with several other health conditions, so it is best to consult a doctor for a proper diagnosis.

New-onset diabetes
An early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer often occurs during tests for other conditions, such as diabetes. For some people, pancreatic cancer may trigger sudden onset diabetes, as it can destroy insulin-making cells, thereby increasing blood sugar levels. Those experiencing a sudden onset of diabetes must always be evaluated for pancreatic cancer.

If a healthcare provider suspects pancreatic cancer, they may prescribe imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and endoscopic ultrasounds (EUS). Doctors may also prescribe a pancreas blood test, staging laparoscopy, or genetic testing.

Most healthcare providers do not perform routine screenings for pancreatic cancer. However, those with an immediate family history of pancreatic cancer must speak with their doctor regarding their risk levels and monitoring, screening, and imaging tests to detect the condition early.

What treatment options are available for pancreatic cancer?
Depending on the location of the tumor, its stage of advancement, and one’s overall health, doctors may recommend one of the following courses of action for treating or managing pancreatic cancer:

Surgery
The only ‘cure’ for pancreatic cancer is surgery. However, doctors only advise this line of treatment when they believe the entire tumor can be removed. Depending on the location and size of the tumor, surgeons may use techniques such as:

Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy)
This technique may be used if the tumor is located at the head of the pancreas. During the Whipple procedure, the surgeon will remove the head of the pancreas, the duodenum, the gallbladder, a portion of the bile duct, and some surrounding lymph nodes. The remaining bile duct and pancreas are then reattached to the small intestine to complete the digestive tract.

Distal pancreatectomy
A distal pancreatectomy may be recommended for tumors that affect the tail of the pancreas. Here, the surgeon will remove a part of the pancreas and may also remove the spleen.

Total pancreatectomy
A total pancreatectomy may be necessary if the cancer has spread throughout the pancreas. Here, the entire pancreas is removed. While it is possible to live without a pancreas, it may cause significant side effects, such as diabetes and digestive issues.

Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is used to kill cancer cells. It may be advised as a standalone treatment for people with advanced pancreatic cancer or recommended before surgery to reduce the tumor and kill active cancer cells.

Radiotherapy
In this treatment procedure, high-frequency X-rays are used to kill cancer cells. It is often administered in combination with chemotherapy, also known as chemoradiation. It may be recommended before or after surgery. It may also be a part of the primary treatment for those with advanced pancreatic cancer who do not qualify for surgery, as it can help ease symptoms.

Targeted Therapy
This treatment targets proteins that control the growth and spread of cancer cells. Targeted therapy may be used in combination with other treatment options.

Pain management
Pancreatic cancer can cause immense pain when it spreads to the surrounding nerves. Doctors may recommend treatment options to alleviate it and ease the symptoms.

Unfortunately, one cannot prevent pancreatic cancer. However, adopting healthy lifestyle habits can help prevent its onset and spread. Eating fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, reducing the intake of red meat, sugary drinks, and processed foods, and exercising regularly can make a considerable difference. Moreover, limiting exposure to harmful chemicals such as asbestos, pesticides, and petrochemicals can also help lower the risk of pancreatic cancer.

Recommended

Afib – Types, causes, symptoms, and management

Afib – Types, causes, symptoms, and management

Atrial fibrillation (Afib) occurs when the usually stable and regular electrical impulses in the heart’s upper chambers (atria) begin firing chaotically, causing them to quiver or twitch (fibrillate). This can cause blood accumulation and clotting in the atria. These clots can reach the lungs through the blood vessels and cause pulmonary embolism or can reach the brain, resulting in a stroke. Let’s look at the forms, signs, and causes of Afib and its treatment options: Types of atrial fibrillation Afib can be classified as one or more of these: First-diagnosed Afib: Regardless of symptoms or the number or length of episodes, this refers to individuals diagnosed for the first time with Afib. Asymptomatic Afib: This condition is also called silent Afib, given the lack of signs or symptoms. A random electrocardiogram (ECG) could reveal asymptomatic atrial fibrillation. Paroxysmal Afib: Two or more episodes of the conditions that spontaneously resolve within a week are categorized as paroxysmal Afib. Persistent Afib: This refers to two or more episodes of atrial fibrillation that last seven days or more. Long-term persistent Afib: If the condition persists for more than a year, it is referred to as long-term persistent Afib. Permanent Afib: This is a chronic condition that cannot be managed using common treatment options.
Read More.
How to reduce sugar intake and manage blood sugar

How to reduce sugar intake and manage blood sugar

It is a known fact that too much sugar can be devastating for your health. When blood sugar is high, the body produces more insulin, which can lead to several health complications, including prediabetes and diabetes. So, you must cut down on sugar. Choosing healthy snacks and increasing fiber and probiotic intake can help. Moreover, regular exercise is essential. Here are a few tips to lower sugar intake and manage blood sugar levels naturally. Avoid carbohydrates A high intake of carbohydrates has a substantial impact on blood sugar levels. The body breaks down carbohydrates into sugars like glucose, which enters the blood. While the body requires glucose for energy, an excess can be harmful. As the amount of glucose increases, so does the amount of insulin produced by the body, leading to a greater risk of lifestyle disorders. Some foods with an abundance of carbs to stay away from are potato chips and donuts. Control your portion size If you are dealing with frequent blood sugar spikes, monitoring portion size can help. When you eat a large meal, blood glucose increases suddenly. To avoid this, eat smaller meals. You can opt for five to six small meals per day instead of two or three large ones.
Read More.
11 management options to keep anxiety at bay

11 management options to keep anxiety at bay

People with anxiety disorders regularly and excessively experience fear and panic in everyday situations. If unchecked, anxiety can impair normal functioning and degrade the quality of life. One must consult a health expert if anxiety is affecting their social life. But first, ensure that any physical health issues are ruled out before consulting them. Most individuals with anxiety disorders need medication or therapy, but coping strategies and lifestyle decisions can also be helpful. Stop and take a breath When you experience an anxiety episode, take a moment to think about what is making you feel uneasy. Usual anxiety symptoms include concerns about a recent or distant event. For example, you can worry that something wrong will happen to you in the future. Or, you can still be upset about something that has already happened in the past. But, whatever your concerns, most anxiety issues stem from not focusing on the present. The next time you feel nervous and get distracted from the present moment, sit down and take some deep breaths to reclaim your composure. You can regain balance and return to the present moment by pausing and taking a few deep breaths. If you have the time, consider advancing this practice by experimenting with breathing techniques.
Read More.
Breast cancer – Causes, types, and management

Breast cancer – Causes, types, and management

Cancer that originates in the breast tissue is called breast cancer. It is the second most common cancer among women in the country. The condition is seen in women more than men. Fortunately, advancements in screening and breast cancer treatment have enabled dramatic improvements in survival rates over the years. The symptoms include changes in the texture and shape of the nipples, discharge from the nipples, and a lump in the breast.  Read on to learn the causes, types, and management options of breast cancer.  Causes of breast cancer Breast cancer occurs when abnormal breast cells divide and multiply more rapidly than healthy cells. These abnormal cells accumulate to form a lump or mass. Doctors have not been able to know the exact cause of breast cancer. However, multiple factors can trigger the chances of developing the disease, and they include: Family history and genetics The risk increases if you have parents or close relatives who have been diagnosed with breast cancer. Having gene mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, which are passed down from parents to children, also increases the risk. Age The risk of breast cancer increases with advancing age.  Gender The risk of developing breast cancer is higher in women than in men.   Personal history of breast conditions The risk increases when an earlier biopsy has indicated atypical hyperplasia of the breast or lobular carcinoma in situ or if cancer has been detected in one breast.
Read More.
10 best laundry detergents and their features

10 best laundry detergents and their features

Detergents are available in multiple forms, such as pods, powder, and liquids, and choosing the best one can be tough. In addition to daily wear clothing and regular laundry items, you could have some garments that require specialized products for effective cleaning. Some members of your family might have sensitive skin and need mild chemical-free products. So here is a list of the best detergents that can make your laundry task hassle-free.  Gain Laundry Detergent Among the list of laundry detergents that are known for their fragrance is Gain Laundry Detergent. The liquid not only cleans your clothes but also gives them a delicate fragrance that can last for up to 6 weeks or until the garment is worn. This detergent can be used in all washing machines, including highly efficient ones. The detergent also has Oxi Boost, a combination of surfactants, enzymes, and pre-treaters that aid in eliminating stains and odors that could be two weeks old. Moreover, this product is available in multiple sizes to cater to the needs of every household. Persil ProClean Laundry Detergent Among the laundry detergents that excel in stain removal is Persil Proclean. This concentrated liquid offers deep cleaning and has stain-fighting enzymes.
Read More.
Things to know about chronic kidney disease

Things to know about chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease   occurs when there is a gradual failure of kidney function due to illnesses, genetics, etc. The kidneys’ main role is to filter waste matter and flush out excess bodily fluids, but advanced kidney failure causes fluids, electrolytes, and waste to build up in the body. Various factors must be understood to manage the condition, including the causes, symptoms, prevention tips, and more. Read on to learn more about chronic kidney disease. Causes of chronic kidney disease The main causes of chronic kidney disease are as follows: Diabetes When the body’s sugar levels are too high and become unmanageable, bodily organs stop functioning as normal. The first to be affected are the kidneys, leading to diabetes, which, in turn, affects the nerves, eyes, and heart.   High blood pressure This is when blood pressure against the walls of the blood vessels increases, and can lead to chronic kidney disease, heart attacks, and strokes. Hence, chronic kidney disease can also be caused by uncontrolled high blood pressure.   Genetics Chronic kidney disease can also be passed down through the genes. Therefore if someone in your close family has the condition, it is likely to be passed down to you.   Autoimmune disease Lupus nephritis is an autoimmune disease that causes swelling of the small blood vessels, which are responsible for flushing waste out of the kidneys.  Birth disorder Sometimes, certain malfunctions of the kidneys develop in the mother’s womb and can cause infections and kidney damage later on in the person’s life.   Other causes Kidney stones or tumors can cause kidney damage or failure if not treated in time.  Glomerulonephritis It is a group of diseases that can cause inflammation in the filtering segments of the kidneys.
Read More.